Why Talking About Poop Could Save Your Life

In recent years, researchers and doctors have observed a troubling trend: colorectal cancer, which includes colon and rectal cancer, is on the rise among millennials and Generation Z (Gen Z). With so much at stake, it’s important to understand how you can lower your risk and recognize symptoms. Discussing your bowel movements with your doctor—even if it feels embarrassing—could save your life. 

What Millennials and Gen Zers Should Know

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer among both women and men in the United States. In 2019, the American Cancer Society found that 20 percent of new colorectal cancer cases were diagnosed in people 54-years-old or younger. Some researchers suggest that obesity and alcohol consumption—risk factors now more common in younger adults—may be contributing to the rise. Scientists are also investigating the link between environmental chemicals and colorectal cancer.

So, what does this mean for millennials (born between 1981 and 1996) and Gen Zers (born between 1997 and 2012)? It’s more crucial than ever to be aware of the risk factors and make lifestyle changes to lower your risk. 

Ways to Lower Your Risk

Having a risk factor for colorectal cancer doesn’t mean you’ll develop the disease, but it does increase your chances. Some factors are beyond your control, including:

• Age: While more young adults are being diagnosed, colorectal cancer is still more common in people over 50.
• Certain genetic syndromes
• Personal or family history of colorectal polyps or colorectal cancer  
• Personal history of inflammatory bowel disease
• Personal history of radiation treatment around the pelvis or abdomen

However, there are many risk factors you can reduce by committing to a healthier lifestyle. Here are a few examples of beneficial lifestyle changes: 

• Get regular screenings. Colorectal cancer screening should begin at age 45. Several types of screenings are available including colonoscopy and stool based testing like Cologuard.  Talk to your doctor about which screening method is right for you.
• Move more and eat healthier. Diets high in red and processed meats are linked to an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Instead, eat more whole grains, fruits, and vegetables. Aim for 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise, such as brisk walking, five days a week.
• Limit alcohol consumption and quit smoking. Alcohol and nicotine use can increase your risk of developing colorectal cancer. If you need help cutting back, ask your doctor about available resources. 

How to Recognize Colorectal Cancer Symptoms

Many symptoms of colorectal cancer can be easy to miss, as they overlap with other common conditions. For example, hemorrhoids can also cause rectal bleeding. However, it’s important to be aware of key warning signs, including: 

• Blood in or on your stool
• New changes in bowel habits, such as developing daily diarrhea or constipation
• Chronic abdominal symptoms, including cramps, pain, or bloating
• Unexplained weight loss
• Recurrent vomiting 

If discussing your bathroom habits with a doctor feels uncomfortable, you’re not alone. Studies show that younger adults are often reluctant to seek care for these symptoms, dismissing them as minor issues. However, if something doesn’t feel normal for you, it’s essential to schedule an appointment. Early detection is critical for improving colorectal cancer outcomes. It is also important to talk to your parents and siblings about conditions that could increase your cancer risk.

Are You Due for a Colorectal Cancer Screening?

At your next primary care visit, ask your provider if you’re due for screening and review your risks—especially if you’re 45 or older and haven’t been screened yet.  To schedule a primary care appointment, visit Luminis.Health/PrimaryCare.